Resocijalizacija i preduzetnička inicijativa radno angažovanih osuđenika penalnih ustanova u Autonomnoj Pokrajini Vojvodini

Abstract

Istraživanje u ovom radu fokusira se na nivo resocijalizacije i preduzetničke inicijative radno angažovanih osuđenika u penalnim ustanovama, jer izražena preduzetnička inicijativa za vreme izvršenja kazne, može poslužiti kao osnov za zaposlenje i lakšu resocijalizaciju po izlasku iz zatvora. Stoga, cilj istraživanja je utvrditi razlike u nivou resocijalizacije i preduzetničke inicijative prema radnoj angažovanosti osuđenika. Uzorak sadrži 286 slučajno anketiranih osuđenika iz penalnih ustanova na teritoriji AP Vojvodine. Podaci su prikupljeni i analizirani koristeći učestalost za prikazivanje socio-demografskih karakteristika osuđenika i metodu unakrsnog tabeliranja za utvrđivanje razlika u nivou resocijalizacije i preduzetničke inicijative prema radnoj agnažovanosti osuđenika. Rezultati ukazuju da osuđenici koji su radno angažovani učestalije imaju viši nivo izražene resocijalizacije u odnosu na osuđenike koji nisu radno angažovani. Takođe, utvrđeno je da radno angažovani osuđenici imaju veći nivo preduzetničke inicijative, tj. radno angažovani osuđenici pokazuju: veći nivo spremnosti na dodatno angažovanje radi unapređenja uslova za život i rad u ustanovi, veći nivo spremnosti na dodatno angažovanje radi dobijanja bolje klasifikacione grupe i veći nivo spremnosti za dalje obrazovanje i stručno usavršavanje, u odnosu na osuđenike koji nisu radno angažovani u ustanovi. Implikacije istraživanja ukazuju da je neophodna veća radna anažovanost osuđenika u penalnim ustanovama u smislu pohađanja programa edukacije i obuke za sticanje preduzetničkih znanja i veština, koje će voditi ka boljoj društvenoj i radnoj resocijalizaciji nakon izlaska iz penalne ustanove.

The research in this paper focuses on the level of resocialization and entrepreneurial initiative of working convicts in penitentiary institutions, with a goal to point out how the expressed entrepreneurial initiative during the execution of a sentence can serve as a basis for employment and easier resocialization after release from prison. With a view to this fact, the aim of the research is to determine the differences in the level of resocialization and entrepreneurial initiative according to the work engagement of convicts. The sample consists of 286 randomly surveyed convicts from penitentiary institutions on the territory of AP Vojvodina. Data were collected and analyzed using the category of frequency to show the socio-demographic characteristics of convicts and the method of cross-tabulation to determine the differences in the level of resocialization and entrepreneurial initiative according to the work capacity of convicts. The results indicate that convicts who are employed more often have a higher level of pronounced resocialization compared to convicts who are not employed. Also, it was determined that working convicts have a higher level of entrepreneurial initiative, i.e. employed convicts exhibit higher level of readiness for additional engagement in order to improve living and working conditions in the institution, higher level of readiness for additional engagement in order to obtain a better classification in group and higher level of readiness for further education and professional training, compared to nonworking convicts engaged in the institution. The implications of the research indicate that it is necessary for employees to work more in correctional institutions, in terms of attending education and training programs for acquiring entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, which will lead to better prospects for social and work resocialization after leaving the penitentiary institution.